Guide (New 2026) Actual PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN Exam Questions [Q204-Q223]

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Guide (New 2026) Actual PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN Exam Questions

ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN Exam Dumps Pass with Updated 2026 Certified Exam Questions

NEW QUESTION # 204
下列哪一項敘述最準確地描述了進行文件審查的目的?

  • A. 揭露文件化管理系統是否不符合審核標準並收集證據以支持審核報告
  • B. 偵測管理系統是否符合審核標準(如有記錄),並確定支援審核計畫的資訊
  • C. 根據記錄確定管理系統是否符合審核標準,並收集資訊以支援現場審核活動
  • D. 決定文件化管理系統是否符合審核標準,並收集調查結果以支援審核流程

Answer: C

Explanation:
A document review is a process of examining the documented information related to the management system before the on-site audit activities. The purpose of a document review is to: 12 Determine the conformity of the management system, as far as documented, with audit criteria, i.e., to check whether the documents are consistent, complete, and compliant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001 and any other applicable standards or regulations.
Gather information to support the on-site audit activities, i.e., to identify the scope, objectives, processes, controls, risks, and opportunities of the management system, and to plan the audit methods, techniques, and resources accordingly.
The other statements are not accurate, because:
A document review does not reveal or decide about the conformity or nonconformity of the management system as a whole, but only of the documented information. The conformity or nonconformity of the management system is determined by the on-site audit activities, which include interviews, observations, and tests12 A document review does not gather evidence or findings to support the audit report or process, but information to support the on-site audit activities. The evidence or findings are collected during the on-site audit activities, which are then documented and reported12 A document review does not detect any nonconformity of the management system, if documented, but determines the conformity of the documented information. The nonconformity of the management system is detected by the on-site audit activities, which evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the management system12 A document review does not identify information to support the audit plan, but gathers information to support the on-site audit activities. The audit plan is prepared before the document review, based on the audit scope, objectives, criteria, and program. The document review is part of the audit plan implementation12 Reference:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2


NEW QUESTION # 205
身為稽核員,您注意到 ABC Inc. 已經建立了管理可移動儲存媒體的程式。該程式基於 ABC Inc. 採用的分類方案。但是,公開資訊沒有保密性要求,因此只適用完整性和可用性控制。這是什麼類型的審計發現?

  • A. 一致
  • B. 不符合
  • C. 異常

Answer: A

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
C . Correct Answer:
The classification-based security approach aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.5.12 (Classification of Information).
The organization is applying a security control in accordance with the classification policy, ensuring conformity to information security best practices.
A . Incorrect:
Nonconformity occurs when a process does not comply with ISO/IEC 27001 requirements. However, in this case, the classification system is correctly implemented.
B . Incorrect:
Anomaly refers to unexpected deviations in operations, but this is an intentional implementation.
Relevant Standard Reference:


NEW QUESTION # 206
情境 3
NightCore是一家總部位於美國的跨國科技企業,專注於電子商務、雲端運算、數位串流媒體和人工智慧(AI)。在實施資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)一年多後,NightCore委託一家認證機構進行ISO/IEC 27001認證審核。
認證機構組建了一支由五名審核員組成的團隊,傑克擔任團隊負責人。傑克在風險管理、資訊安全控制和事件管理方面擁有豐富的審核經驗,並因此而聞名。
他的技能與審計原則和流程的要求高度契合,使他能夠有效理解審計範圍並有效運用相關標準。傑克也展現出對NightCore的組織結構、宗旨和管理實踐以及適用於其業務活動的法律法規要求的深刻理解。
審計團隊遵循合理的審計方法,系統性地得出可靠且可重複的結論。審計團隊認識到,只有能夠在一定程度上核實的資訊才能被視為有效證據。在審計過程中,極少數情況下,如果某些資訊的核實存在困難且其可核實程度較低,審計人員會運用專業判斷來評估此類證據的可靠性,並確定其可信度。
在審計過程中,審計人員記錄了他們對NightCore資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)運作規劃和控制的觀察結果和檢查筆記。他們也記錄了對NightCore資訊清單及相關資產的觀察結果。此外,審計人員也審查了為保護網路服務連線而實施的防火牆配置。
隨著審核進入最後階段,NightCore對維護最高資訊安全標準的承諾日益凸顯。憑藉著觸手可及的ISO/IEC 27001認證,NightCore已做好充分準備,有望獲得該認證,從而提升其在科技行業的聲譽。
問題
根據情境 3,審計人員是否妥善處理了只能在一定程度上核實的資訊?

  • A. 不,審計人員應該聯絡外部專家進行核實。
  • B. 是的,因為他們運用了專業判斷來評估其可靠性。
  • C. 不,因為審計人員應該忽略任何無法完全核實的資訊。

Answer: B

Explanation:
The auditors handled partially verifiable information appropriately by applying professional judgment, which makes option A the correct answer. ISO 19011:2018 emphasizes that auditing is not a purely mechanical process and requires auditors to apply due professional care when evaluating evidence. Audit evidence is often based on samples and may vary in its degree of verifiability. The key requirement is that auditors assess the reliability, relevance, and sufficiency of the evidence before using it to support audit conclusions.
In the scenario, the audit team explicitly recognized that some information could only be verified to a limited extent and responded by carefully evaluating how much reliance could be placed on that information. This aligns with ISO 19011 principles, particularly the evidence-based approach and due professional care.
Auditors are expected to exercise judgment when full verification is impractical, provided they clearly understand the limitations of the evidence and do not overstate its reliability.
Option B is incorrect because ISO standards do not require auditors to discard all partially verifiable information. Doing so could lead to incomplete audit conclusions and an unrealistic audit process. Option C is also incorrect because while external experts may be used in certain specialized cases, ISO 19011 does not mandate their involvement whenever evidence is difficult to verify. The auditors' approach in the scenario demonstrates appropriate competence and professional judgment, consistent with ISO auditing guidance.


NEW QUESTION # 207
ISMS (1)----------------幫助確定 (2)----------------,

  • A. (1) 持續改進,(2) 矯正措施的有效性
  • B. 問題 (1) 管理評審,(2) 持續改善的機會
  • C. (1) 內部審計,(2) ISMS 範圍

Answer: B

Explanation:
Management review is a crucial component of an ISMS that helps determine opportunities for continual improvement. Through management review, an organization assesses the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS, including reviewing opportunities for improvements and the need for changes to the ISMS, including the security policy and security objectives.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Standard, Clause 9.3 (Management Review)


NEW QUESTION # 208
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證適用性聲明 (SoA) 是否包含必要的控制措施。
您查看最新的 SoA(版本 5)文檔,對原始程式碼 (A.8.4) 的存取控制進行採樣,並想了解組織如何保護從外包軟體開發人員收到的 ABC 醫療保健行動應用程式原始程式碼。
IT 安全經理解釋說,收到的原始程式碼將被檢查到 SCM 系統中,以確保其完整性和安全性。只有授權使用者才能查看軟體並進行更新。
系統會自動記錄入住和退房活動。版本控制由系統自動管理。
您在 SCM 上總共發現了 10 個使用者帳戶。他們全部來自IT部門。您進一步與人力資源經理核實,並確認其中一位用戶 Scott 已於 9 個月前辭職。 SCM 系統管理員確認 Scott 最後一次檢出原始碼是在 1 個月前。他正在安全區域使用本機網路的授權桌面之一。
您檢查了使用者登出程序,其中規定「管理人員必須確保在辭職批准後立即從相關ICT系統和/或設備註銷使用者帳戶和授權」。用戶Scott沒有註銷記錄。
IT 安全經理解釋說,Scott 是一位非常優秀的軟體工程師、前同事和朋友。
辭職後,他仍然每月回到辦公室提供原始碼維護支援。這就是為什麼他在 SCM 上的帳戶仍然存在。 「我們很了解 Scott,他在加入我們時通過了我們所有的背景調查。因此,我們認為沒有必要僅僅因為他現在是外部提供者而與他同意任何進一步的資訊安全要求」。
您準備審計結果。選出三個正確選項。

  • A. 存在不合格項 (NC)。該組織的存取控制安排未能有效運行,因為不再受該組織僱用的個人被允許訪問療養院的 ICT 系統。這不符合控制措施 A.5.15。
  • B. 存在不合格項 (NC)。 IT 安全經理未確保 Scott 的使用者帳戶已從 SCM 中刪除,且在離職後未完成使用者登出流程。
    這不符合第 9.1 條和控制措施 A.5.15。
  • C. 存在不合格項 (NC)。 SCM是開源系統軟體。它不安全,不能用於原始碼的存取和版本控制。這不符合第 9.1 條和控制措施 A.8.4。
  • D. 存在不合格項 (NC)。該組織未能識別與斯科特的帳戶保持開放相關的安全風險,因為他每月只重新使用很短一段時間。這不符合第 8.2 條的規定。
  • E. 存在不合格項 (NC)。該組織沒有記錄程序來規定如何使用系統工具來提供原始程式碼的存取和版本控制。這不符合第 9.1 條和控制措施 A.8.4。
  • F. 存在不合格項 (NC)。斯科特應該被告知與他與療養院的新關係(外部提供者)相關的適用資訊安全要求。然而,IT 安全經理證實這並沒有發生。這不符合控制措施 A.5.20。
  • G. 存在不合格項 (NC)。操作程序沒有很好的記錄。這使得 SCM 系統管理員無法立即刪除使用者帳戶。這不符合第 9.1 條和控制措施 A.5.37。
  • H. 存在不合格項 (NC)。 SCM 將自動記錄原始碼簽入/簽出活動。如果出現問題,團隊可能無法追蹤。這不符合第 9.1 條和控制措施 A.8.4。

Answer: A,B,D

Explanation:
The correct options are:
* There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation's access control arrangements are not operating effectively as an individual who is no longer employed by the organisation is being permitted to access the nursing home's ICT systems. This does not conform with control A.5.15. (B): This option is correct because control A.5.15 requires the organization to implement secure log-on procedures and manage user access rights. The organization should ensure that only authorized users can access the ICT systems and that the access rights are revoked or modified when the user status changes. The fact that Scott, who resigned 9 months ago, still has an active account on the SCM and can check out the source code, indicates a failure of the access control arrangements and a nonconformity with the control A.5.15.
* There is a nonconformity (NC). The IT Security manager did not make sure the user account for Scott was removed from the SCM and did not complete the user deregistration process after the resignation. This does not conform with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15. : This option is correct because clause 9.1 requires the organization to monitor, measure, analyze, and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization should have processes and indicators to verify that the ISMS requirements and objectives are met and that the ISMS is continually improved.
The organization should also ensure that the results of the monitoring and measurement are documented and communicated. The fact that the IT Security manager did not follow the user de-registration procedure and did not document or communicate the exception for Scott, indicates a failure of the monitoring and measurement processes and a nonconformity with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15.
* There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation has failed to identify the security risks associated with leaving Scott's account open when he was only re-engaged for a short period monthly. This does not conform with clause 8.2. (F): This option is correct because clause 8.2 requires the organization to establish and maintain an information security risk management process.
The organization should identify the information security risks, analyze and evaluate the risks, and treat the risks according to the risk criteria and the risk treatment options. The organization should also monitor and review the risks and the risk treatment plan periodically and document the results. The fact that the organization did not identify the security risks associated with Scott's access to the SCM and the source code, such as unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of the information, indicates a failure of the risk management process and a nonconformity with clause 8.2.


NEW QUESTION # 209
場景 4:品牌推廣公司是一家行銷公司,與美國一些最著名的公司合作。
為了降低內部成本,Branding公司已將軟體開發和IT服務台營運外包給Techvology公司兩年多。 Techvology公司擁有必要的專業技術,負責管理Branding公司的軟體、網路和硬體需求。 Branding公司已實施資訊安全管理系統(ISMS),並通過了ISO/IEC 27001認證,這體現了其對維護高標準資訊安全的承諾。 Branding公司會定期對Techvology公司進行審核,以確保其外包營運的安全符合ISO/IEC 27001認證要求。
在上次審計中,Branding 的審計團隊確定了待審計流程和審計計畫。鑑於 Techvology 在過去一年中報告了兩起資訊安全事件,他們採用了基於證據的方法。審計重點在於評估這些事件的應對措施,並確保其符合外包協議的條款。審計首先對 Techvology 監控外包營運品質的方法進行了全面審查,以評估其提供的服務是否符合 Branding 的預期和既定標準。審計人員也核實了 Techvology 是否遵守了雙方之間簽訂的合約要求。這包括徹底審查外包協議中的條款和條件,以確保所有方面(包括資訊安全措施)都得到遵守。
此外,此次審計還包括對Techvology用於管理其外包業務和其他組織的治理流程進行嚴格評估。這一步驟對於品牌推廣至關重要,有助於核實是否已建立適當的控制和監督機制,以降低與外包安排相關的潛在風險。
審計人員對Techvology公司各級員工進行了訪談,並分析了事件處理記錄。此外,Techvology公司也提供了相關記錄,證明曾為員工進行事件管理意識培訓。根據收集到的信息,審計人員推測這兩起資訊安全事件都是由員工能力不足所造成。因此,審計人員要求查閱涉事員工的人事檔案,以核實其能力,例如相關經驗、證書以及參與培訓的記錄。
Branding公司的審計人員對所獲取證據的有效性進行了嚴格評估,並時刻警惕可能與已收到的記錄資訊的可靠性相矛盾或對其可靠性提出質疑的證據。在Techvology公司進行審計期間,審計人員秉持這項原則,對事件處理記錄進行了嚴格評估,並與不同級別和職能的員工進行了深入訪談。他們並未簡單地採信Techvology公司代表的說法,而是尋求確鑿的證據來支持代表們關於事件管理流程的說法。
根據以上情景,回答以下問題:
問題:
根據 ISO/IEC 27001 要求,Techvology 是否需要持續進行品牌管理以控制其提供的服務?

  • A. 不,品牌部門不負責控制 Techvology 提供的服務,但負責監督這些服務。
  • B. 是的,品牌部門負責控制和監控 Techvology 服務的品質。
  • C. 是的,只有當這是兩家公司之間的合約協議中明確規定的要求時才可行。

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* A. Correct Answer:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.5.19 (Information Security in Supplier Relationships) requires organizations to monitor and control their suppliers to ensure compliance with security requirements.
* Branding must monitor, assess, and ensure Techvology maintains compliance with ISO/IEC
27001 and outsourcing agreements.
* B. Incorrect:
* Even if not explicitly stated in the contract, ISO/IEC 27001 requires continual supplier monitoring.
* C. Incorrect:
* Branding is responsible for both controlling and monitoring outsourced services, not just monitoring them.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.5.19 (Supplier Security Compliance)
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Clause 8.2 (Outsourced Service Controls)


NEW QUESTION # 210
應根據審計標準審查下列哪一項以確定審計結果?

  • A. 審核目標
  • B. 審核範圍
  • C. 審計證據
  • D. 審核結論

Answer: C

Explanation:
* Audit Findings: These are the results of evaluating collected audit evidence against the predetermined audit criteria.
* Audit Evidence: Objective, verifiable information gathered through interviews, observations, document reviews, etc., that supports the audit findings.
* Audit Criteria: The standards, policies, procedures, or requirements of the ISMS that are used as benchmarks for the audit.
The Process: Auditors compare collected audit evidence against the audit criteria to determine whether there is conformity or nonconformity, leading them to generate audit findings.
Reference:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Section 9.2 (Internal Audit): Discusses the process of gathering audit evidence and documenting nonconformities (which form a basis for audit findings).


NEW QUESTION # 211
下列哪一項最能描述第二階段審核的目的?

  • A. 檢查組織是否遵守法律
  • B. 確保審核計畫得到執行
  • C. 評估管理系統的實施情況
  • D. 了解組織的流程

Answer: C

Explanation:
The purpose of a Stage 2 audit is to evaluate the implementation of the management system, in this case, the ISMS, according to the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 and the organisation's own policies and procedures. The Stage 2 audit involves collecting evidence of the effectiveness and performance of the ISMS, as well as verifying the conformity and suitability of the organisation's controls. The Stage 2 audit also assesses the organisation's ability to achieve its information security objectives and to manage information security risks. References: = ISO/IEC 27006:2022, clause 9.2.2.2; PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 28.


NEW QUESTION # 212
場景 9:Techmanic 是一家比利時公司,成立於 1995 年,目前在布魯塞爾運作。它提供 IT 諮詢、軟體設計和硬體/軟體服務,包括部署和維護。該公司服務於公共服務、金融、電信、能源、醫療保健和教育等行業。作為一家以客戶為中心的公司,它優先考慮建立牢固的客戶關係並引領安全實踐。
Techmanic 已獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證一年,並對此認證感到自豪。在認證審核期間,審核員發現其 ISMS 實施上存在一些不一致之處。由於觀察到的情況並不影響其 ISMS 實現預期結果的能力,因此在審計師遠端跟進根本原因分析和糾正措施後,Techmanic 獲得了認證。的遵守情況。認識持續改進的價值並從過去的評估中學習。 Techmanic 實施了審查先前的監督審計報告的做法。這種積極主動的方法不僅有助於識別和解決潛在的不合格情況,而且還旨在簡化 IT 諮詢領域的重新認證流程。
監督審核期間,發現了多處不符合項。 ISMS 繼續滿足 ISO/IEC 27001*s 的要求,但根據內部稽核員的報告,Techmanic 未能解決與託管服務相關的不符合問題。此外,內部稽核報告存在多處不一致之處,這使人們對內部稽核師在託管服務審計過程中的獨立性產生了質疑。基於此,延期認證未獲核准。因此。 Techmanic 請求轉移到另一個認證機構。同時,該公司向客戶發布聲明稱,ISO/IEC 27001 認證涵蓋 IT 服務以及託管服務。
根據上述情景,回答以下問題:
審核員在遠端跟進糾正措施後,建議對 Techmanic 進行認證。這可以接受嗎?

  • A. 是的,由於發現了輕微的不符合情況,審核員可以遠端跟進行動計劃
  • B. 否,必須進行審計跟進,因為審計報告包含不符合項
  • C. 否,由於已要求延期,因此必須在現場進行審計跟進

Answer: A

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
A . Correct answer:
Remote follow-ups are acceptable for minor nonconformities, as long as auditors can verify corrective actions.
ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 allows remote follow-ups when the effectiveness of corrective actions can be demonstrated.
B . Incorrect:
Follow-ups are required, but remote verification is acceptable for minor issues.
C . Incorrect:
An on-site follow-up is not mandatory unless major nonconformities are present.
Relevant Standard Reference:


NEW QUESTION # 213
以下是「誠信」的目的,這是資訊安全的基本組成部分之一

  • A. 根據授權實體的要求可存取和使用的屬性。
  • B. 保障資產準確性和完整性的屬性。
  • C. 資訊不會提供或揭露給未經授權的個人的屬性
  • D. 資訊不會提供或揭露給未經授權的個人的屬性

Answer: B

Explanation:
Integrity is one of the basic components of information security, along with confidentiality and availability. Integrity means that information is safeguarded from unauthorized or accidental changes that could affect its accuracy and completeness. Integrity ensures that information is reliable and trustworthy3. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course - BSI


NEW QUESTION # 214
場景 6:Cyber​​ ACrypt 是一家網路安全公司,透過提供反惡意軟體和設備安全、資產生命週期管理和設備加密來提供端點保護。為了根據 ISO/IEC 27001 驗證其 ISMS 並證明其對網路安全卓越的承諾,該公司經歷了由指定審計團隊負責人 John 領導的細緻的審計過程。
在接受審計任務後,John 立即組織了一次會議,概述了審計計劃和團隊角色。他們審查了 Cyber​​ ACrypt 的文檔信息,包括資訊安全政策和操作程序,確保每一份文件都符合標準並具有標準化的格式,包括作者標識、生產日期、版本號和批准日期。這次徹底的檢查旨在確定持續改進和遵守 ISMS 要求。該文件對於審計團隊和 Cyber​​ ACrypt 了解初步審計結果和需要關注的領域至關重要。
審計組也決定對主要相關方進行訪談。這項決定的目的是收集可靠的審計證據來驗證管理系統是否符合 ISO/IEC 27001 的要求。與 Cyber​​ ACrypt 各個層級的相關方進行接觸為審計團隊提供了寶貴的觀點以及對 ISMS 的實施和有效性的理解。
第一階段審計報告揭露了值得關注的關鍵領域。適用性聲明 (SoA) 和 ISMS 政策在多個方面存在缺陷,包括風險評估不足、存取控制不充分以及缺乏定期政策審查。這促使 Cyber​​ ACrypt 立即採取行動來解決這些缺陷。他們對戰略文件的快速回應和修改體現出了對實現合規的堅定承諾。
為了彌補審計團隊的網路安全知識差距而引入的技術專長在識別風險評估方法中的缺陷和審查網路架構方面發揮了關鍵作用。這包括評估防火牆、入侵偵測和預防系統以及其他網路安全措施,以及評估 Cyber​​ ACrypt 如何偵測、回應和恢復外部和內部威脅。在約翰的監督下,技術專家將審計結果傳達給了 Cyber​​ ACrypt 的代表。然而,審計小組發現,由於收取了被審計單位的諮詢費,該專家的客觀性可能受到影響。考慮到技術專家在審核過程中的行為,審核組長決定與認證機構討論這個問題。
根據上述情景,回答以下問題:
根據情境 6,第一階段審計的訪談目標是否由審計小組相應設定?

  • A. 不,面試的目的是確保充分了解受審核方面臨的挑戰
  • B. 否,訪談的目的與管理系統的關鍵績效指標 (KPI) 不一致,從而降低了審核的有效性
  • C. 是的,訪談的目的是收集審核證據,以驗證管理系統是否符合 ISO/IEC 27001 要求

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
A . Correct Answer:
The primary goal of audit interviews is to validate compliance with ISO/IEC 27001.
ISO 19011:2018 states that interviews are a method to gather audit evidence.
B . Incorrect:
KPIs are relevant for performance measurement, but interviews focus on compliance validation.
C . Incorrect:
Understanding business challenges is secondary; the primary objective is ISO/IEC 27001 compliance verification.
Relevant Standard Reference:


NEW QUESTION # 215
情境 4:SendPay 是一家金融公司,透過代理商和金融機構網路提供服務。他們的主要服務之一是在全球範圍內轉帳。 SendPay 作為一家新公司,致力於為客戶提供最優質的服務。由於該公司提供國際交易,因此要求客戶提供個人信息,例如身份、交易原因以及完成交易可能需要的其他詳細信息。因此,SendPay 已實施安全措施來保護客戶的訊息,包括偵測、調查和回應可能出現的任何資訊安全威脅。他們對提供安全服務的承諾也體現在 ISMS 實施過程中,該公司投入了大量時間和資源。
去年,SendPay 推出了他們的數位平台,允許透過智慧型手機或筆記型電腦等電子設備進行貨幣交易,而無需支付額外費用。透過這個平台,SendPay 的客戶可以隨時隨地發送和接收資金。該數位平台幫助SendPay簡化了公司營運並進一步拓展了業務。當時SendPay正在外包其軟體業務,因此該專案是由外包公司的軟體開發團隊完成的。
該團隊還負責維護 SendPay 的技術基礎設施。
最近,該公司在實施 ISMS 近一年後申請了 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。他們與符合其標準的認證機構簽訂了合約。不久之後,認證機構任命了一個由四名審核員組成的團隊來審核 SendPay 的 ISMS。
審計過程中,發現以下情況:
1.外包軟體公司在未事先通知的情況下終止了與SendPay的合約。結果,SendPay 無法立即將服務恢復到內部,其營運中斷了五天。審計人員要求 SendPay 的代表提供證據,證明他們在合約終止的情況下有計劃遵循。這些代表沒有提供任何書面證據,但在接受審計時,他們告訴審計人員,SendPay的高層已經確定了另外兩家軟體開發公司,如果類似情況再次發生,可以立即提供服務。
2. 沒有證據顯示對外包給軟體開發公司的活動進行了監控。 SendPay 的代表再次告訴審計人員,他們定期與軟體開發公司溝通,並適當地告知可能發生的任何變更。
3.防火牆測試未發現異常狀況。審核員測試了防火牆配置,以確定這些服務提供的安全等級。他們使用資料包分析器來測試防火牆策略,這使他們能夠即時檢查發送或接收的資料包。
根據該場景,回答以下問題:
關於觀察到的第三種情況,審計人員自己測試了SendPay網路中實施的防火牆的配置。您如何描述這種情況?請參閱場景 4。

  • A. 不可接受,審核期間不應測試防火牆配置,因為這可能會影響系統的運作
  • B. 不可接受,審核員應僅觀察系統或設備配置的測試,而不應自行測試系統
  • C. 可接受的,需要技術證據來驗證技術流程的運作

Answer: C

Explanation:
It is acceptable and often necessary for auditors to test technical controls such as firewalls to validate the operation and effectiveness of these processes during an ISMS audit. This hands-on testing provides concrete, technical evidence of the security measures' performance.


NEW QUESTION # 216
下列哪兩個選項是使用抽樣計畫進行審核的優點?

  • A. 防止審核團隊內部發生衝突
  • B. 否定審核員的直覺
  • C. 高效率實施審核計劃
  • D. 使用計劃進行連續審核
  • E. 增強對審核結果的信心
  • F. 減少審核時間

Answer: E,F

Explanation:
A sampling plan for the audit is a method of selecting a representative subset of the audit evidence to evaluate the conformity of the ISMS1. The advantages of using a sampling plan are:
* It reduces the audit duration by focusing on the most relevant and significant aspects of the ISMS2.
* It gives confidence in the audit results by ensuring that the sample is sufficient, reliable, and unbiased3.
1: ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000, page 9; 2: Internal Audit Plan - ISO Templates and Documents Download; 3: A Step-by-Step Guide to Conducting an ISO 27001 Internal Audit, Step 4; : ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000; : Internal Audit Plan - ISO Templates and Documents Download; : A Step-by-Step Guide to Conducting an ISO 27001 Internal Audit


NEW QUESTION # 217
問題:
組合使用多種審計測試計劃的目的是什麼?

  • A. 減少頻繁審計的需要
  • B. 透過多種方法驗證是否符合標準和準則
  • C. 確保組織的所有領域都受到同等程度的審計。

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* A. Correct Answer:
* Combining multiple audit test plans ensures different perspectives and validation techniques are applied, improving audit accuracy.
* ISO 19011:2018 encourages a diversified approach to auditing to ensure comprehensive results.
* B. Incorrect:
* Not all areas require equal auditing-risk-based focus is preferred.
* C. Incorrect:
* Frequent audits may still be required depending on organizational needs.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.3 (Using Multiple Audit Test Methods for Assurance)


NEW QUESTION # 218
下列哪三個選項是使用抽樣計畫進行審核的優點?

  • A. 遺漏關鍵問題
  • B. 有效實施審核計劃
  • C. 提供對 ISMS 的適當理解
  • D. 讓審核結果充滿信心
  • E. 否定審核員的直覺
  • F. 使用計劃進行連續審核

Answer: B,C,D

Explanation:
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, a sampling plan is a method for selecting a representative subset of the audit evidence from a defined population1. A sampling plan can have several advantages for the audit, such as providing a suitable understanding of the ISMS by covering its key processes, activities, and controls; implementing the audit plan efficiently by optimizing the use of time and resources; and giving confidence in the audit results by ensuring that the sample is sufficient, reliable, and unbiased1. Therefore, these three options are examples of advantages of using a sampling plan for the audit. The other options are not advantages, but rather disadvantages or risks of using a sampling plan. For example, overruling the auditor's instincts may lead to missing important evidence or issues that are not covered by the sampling plan; using the same plan for consecutive audits may reduce the effectiveness and validity of the audit results; and missing key issues may result from an inadequate or inappropriate sampling plan1. Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems


NEW QUESTION # 219
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證資訊安全事件管理流程。 IT 安全經理介紹了資訊安全事件管理程序,並解釋該流程基於 ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016。
您查看該文件並注意到一條聲明「任何資訊安全弱點、事件和事故應在識別後 1 小時內報告給聯絡人 (PoC)」。在訪問員工時,您發現大家對「弱點、事件、事件」意義的理解有差異。
您從事件追蹤系統中抽取過去 6 個月的事件報告記錄樣本,總結結果如下表所示。

您想進一步調查其他領域以收集更多審計證據。選擇兩個不會出現在您的審核追蹤中的選項。

  • A. 收集更多關於公司如何以及何時支付贖金以解鎖公司手機和資料(即信用卡和銀行轉帳)的證據。 (與控制措施 A.5.26 相關)
  • B. 透過訪問更多員工了解他們對報告流程的理解來收集更多證據。
    (與控制措施 A.6.8 相關)
  • C. 收集更多有關事件恢復程序的證據。 (與控制措施 A.5.26 相關)
  • D. 收集更多有關組織如何確定事件恢復時間的證據。 (與控制措施 A.5.27 相關)
  • E. 收集更多證據,說明組織如何確定事件發生後無需採取進一步行動。 (與控制措施 A.5.26 相關)
  • F. 收集有關人力資源經理如何以及何時支付贖金以解鎖個人行動資料(即信用卡和銀行轉帳)的更多證據。 (與控制措施 A.5.26 相關)
  • G. 收集更多有關醫療保健監測服務要求的證據。 (與第4.2條相關)

Answer: A,G

Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), clause 4.2 requires an organization to determine the needs and expectations of interested parties that are relevant to its ISMS1. This includes identifying the legal, regulatory, contractual and other requirements that apply to its information security activities1. Therefore, collecting more evidence on what the service requirements of healthcare monitoring are may not be relevant to verifying the information security incident management process, as it is not directly related to the audit objective or criteria. This option will not be in the audit trail.


NEW QUESTION # 220
下列哪一項敘述最精確地描述了資訊安全面之間的關係?

  • A. 威脅利用漏洞損壞或破壞資產
  • B. 風險是損害資產的漏洞的函數
  • C. 透過減少威脅來控制保護資產

Answer: A

Explanation:
This statement encapsulates the relationship between threats, vulnerabilities, and assets within the context of information security. Threats are potential causes of an unwanted incident, which may result in harm to a system or organization. Vulnerabilities are weaknesses that can be exploited by threats to cause harm. Assets are valuable resources to an organization that need protection. Therefore, when threats exploit vulnerabilities, they can damage or destroy assets. References: = The explanation is based on the foundational concepts of information security as outlined in ISO/IEC 27001, which includes understanding the interplay between threats, vulnerabilities, and assets as part of an information security management system (ISMS)


NEW QUESTION # 221
認證機構在決定授予認證時不需要審核報告中的下列哪一項結論?

  • A. 組織針對重大不合格項採取的糾正措施已被接受。
  • B. 組織完全遵守適用於資訊安全管理系統的所有法律和其他要求。
  • C. 已符合認證範圍
  • D. 解決與輕微不合格項相關的糾正措施的計劃已被接受

Answer: B

Explanation:
The conclusion in the audit report that is not required by the certification body when deciding to grant certification is that the organisation fully complies with all legal and other requirements applicable to the ISMS. This is because the certification body does not have the authority or the responsibility to verify the legal compliance of the organisation, as this is outside the scope of ISO/IEC 27001:2022. The certification body only evaluates the conformity of the organisation's ISMS with the requirements of the standard, which include the establishment of a process to identify and evaluate the legal and other requirements that are relevant to the ISMS. The organisation is responsible for ensuring its own legal compliance and for providing evidence of such compliance to the certification body if requested. References: = ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause
6.1.3; ISO/IEC 27006:2022, clause 9.2.2.4; PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 29.


NEW QUESTION # 222
情境 5:Data Grid Inc. 是一家知名公司,為整個資訊科技基礎設施提供安全服務。它提供網路安全軟體,包括端點安全、防火牆和防毒軟體。二十年來,Data Grid Inc. 透過先進的產品和服務幫助多家公司保護其網路安全。 Data Grid Inc. 在資訊和網路安全領域享有盛譽,決定獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證,以更好地保護其內部和客戶資產並獲得競爭優勢。
Data Grid Inc. 任命了審計團隊,該團隊同意審計任務的條款。此外,Data Grid Inc.明確了審核範圍,明確了審核標準,並建議在五天內結束審核。由於Data Grid Inc.員工人數眾多,流程複雜,審計小組拒絕了Data Grid Inc.在五天內進行審計的提議。 Data Grid Inc.堅稱他們計劃在五天內完成審核,因此雙方同意在規定的時間內進行審核。審計小組遵循基於風險的審計方法。
為了獲得主要業務流程和控制的概述,審計團隊存取了流程描述和組織圖表。他們無法對 IT 風險和控制進行更深入的分析,因為他們對 IT 基礎架構和應用程式的存取受到限制。然而,審計小組表示,Data Grid Inc. 的 ISMS 出現重大缺陷的風險很低,因為該公司的大部分流程都是自動化的。因此,他們透過詢問 Data Grid Inc. 的代表以下問題來評估 ISMS 整體上符合標準要求:
*如何定義和指派 IT 和 IT 控制的職責?
*Data Grid Inc. 如何評估控制措施是否達到了預期效果?
*Data Grid Inc. 採取了哪些控制措施來保護操作環境和資料免受惡意軟體的侵害?
*是否實施了與防火牆相關的控制?
Data Grid Inc. 的代表提供了充分且適當的證據來解決所有這些問題。
審計組長起草審計結論並向Data Grid Inc. 的最高管理階層報告。
儘管審核員推薦Data Grid Inc.進行認證,但Data Grid Inc.與認證機構之間在審核目標方面產生了誤解。 Data Grid Inc. 表示,儘管審計目標包括確定潛在改進的領域,但審計團隊並未提供此類資訊。
根據該場景,回答以下問題:
哪種類型的審計風險被審計團隊定義為「低*」?

  • A. 控制
  • B. 檢測
  • C. 固有的

Answer: A

Explanation:
The audit team stated that the risk of a significant defect occurring in Data Grid Inc.'s ISMS was low. This refers to "Control Risk," which is the risk that a misstatement could occur in any relevant assertion related to an ISMS and that the risk could not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by the organization's internal control systems.
References: ISO 19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems


NEW QUESTION # 223
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